- The observation of consequences (reward and punishment) is an important part of learning moral values.
This is Part 4 in my series on "Morality" as derived from my new eBook "Stand Up for MORALITY."
In Part 3 we discussed how Morality affects our culture. Here, in Part 4, we will discuss how Morality is taught and learned.
HOW IS MORALITY TAUGHT/LEARNED?
Some psychologists believe that sociopaths are "born without a conscience." More likely they were never taught the concepts of kindness, fairness, love and compassion; that these are admirable traits. As such, they never developed a conscience.
Morality is taught either through formal or informal training, using words and examples. The printed word is useful, but the spoken word is perhaps more effective, whether it is communicated by parents, teachers, clergy, managers, or peers. Examples are even more persuasive and represent live models of what is acceptable forms of behavior. Observations of the actions of our friends and foes, or our heroes and villains, all play a substantial role in our perspective of right and wrong, particularly if they are rewarded or punished (or not). To illustrate, a student observes another student plagiarizing on a paper. Instead of being penalized, the offending student receives an "A" for his efforts. The first student then comes to the conclusion plagiarism is an acceptable form of behavior. Likewise, a worker witnesses a coworker cheating a customer to earn a little extra pocket money. The indiscretion is not detected and, as such, the first worker concludes cheating customers is acceptable and does likewise. If the transgression continues for a period of time, and the cheaters are finally apprehended, they are perplexed about their punishment as they perceived their actions as an acceptable form of behavior.
The observation of consequences (reward and punishment) is an important part of learning moral values. In the event an offender is caught committing a crime, and the person's superior does nothing to discipline the person (such as the teacher or manager in the examples above), this too is observed by others and influences values. If a person concludes there is no significant penalty for being immoral, a person may very well risk emulating the offender. Likewise, if a person observes another being rewarded for something they have done, others may very well follow the role model's example. This is why role models play a significant role in our society. If a manager strongly advocates a code of conduct, yet doesn't practice it himself, his employees will more likely follow his example as opposed to the code. The phenomenon of, "Do as I say, not as I do," presents a genuine problem for teaching morality.
The entertainment industry is often accused of transmitting mixed signals of morality in movies, television, radio, and the Internet. The media greatly influences our sense of right and wrong, not just by comedy and drama, but even in the presentation and interpretation of news. By defining the characteristics of heroes and villains, the media is presenting role models for others to pattern their lives after.
When establishing our moral values, we are ultimately establishing our allegiances to certain parties. By doing so, we are expressing supreme confidence in their judgment. As such, we ultimately derive our values from such institutions. It also defines our loyalties.
As a group exercise, ask attendees to privately pick the top three institutions they supremely trust. This can be done two ways: by distributing slips of paper to the audience, collecting them afterwards, and compiling the results, or; simply asking for a show of hands as to how they voted.
PICK TOP 3 INSTITUTIONS YOU SUPREMELY TRUST IN TERMS OF MORAL VALUES (1, 2, 3)
- Church/Religion
- Company
- Country
- Cultural Heritage or Race
- Entertainment Industry
- Family members
- Fraternity
- Friends
- Gang
- Government
- Military
- News Media
- Political Party
- School
- Sports Team
- ___________(other)
- None of the Above
- Company
- Country
- Cultural Heritage or Race
- Entertainment Industry
- Family members
- Fraternity
- Friends
- Gang
- Government
- Military
- News Media
- Political Party
- School
- Sports Team
- ___________(other)
- None of the Above
Not surprising, the top three answers are typically, Family, Church, and Country. The answers will vary based on the age of respondents. For example, how teenagers perceive the world is substantially different than older people. Nonetheless, the answers here provide great insight into who influences you, and how your moral values are derived. Undoubtedly this will change with the passing of time as we find faults with the institutions.
NEXT TIME: In Part 5, consider the other institutions affecting morality.
"Stand Up for MORALITY" is an eBook available in PDF, Kindle and Audio formats.
All are available through MBA Press.
The Kindle version is available through AMAZON.
All are available through MBA Press.
The Kindle version is available through AMAZON.
Mr. Bryce is available to speak on this subject
Keep the Faith!
Note: All trademarks both marked and unmarked belong to their respective companies.
Tim Bryce is a writer and the Managing Director of M&JB Investment Company (M&JB) of Palm Harbor, Florida and has over 30 years of experience in the management consulting field. He can be reached at timb001@phmainstreet.com
For Tim's columns, see:
timbryce.com
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NEXT UP: STAND UP FOR MORALITY (PART 5 OF 8) - The observation of consequences (reward and punishment) is an important part of learning moral values.
LAST TIME: STAND UP FOR MORALITY (PART 3 OF 8)
- Our actions are based on our perceptions and sense of morality.
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